Minor Metals & Mineral Conservation an Overview: Part Three
by Dr Pradeep K. Maitra, Smriti Nagar Bhilai, India
The social amenities like miniaturized/movable products, their rising sales and rapid obsolescence is creating inordinate demand of MMs.The MMs like Pd, Rh, Os, Ir, Mo, Ni, Cr, V, Mn etc as metal or their compounds are used in pharmaceutical products related to the preparation of drugs, medicines, dentistry, micro-nutrients etc.
Minor Metals & Mineral Conservation an Overview: Part Two
MMs are traded worldwide as mineral concentrates, crude, pure, ultra-pure metals and compounds and represent a family of metals, metalloids and their compounds which are selectively chosen for advanced technological applications and trade.GeO2 is primarily used in the production of optical products, such as wide-angle lenses and microscope objective lenses, optical fibers, as well as some phosphors and semiconductor materials.
This article examines techniques for enhancing aluminum-silicon alloys through structural modification and refinement. For hypoeutectic alloys (5% Si to eutectic concentration), elements like sodium, strontium, calcium, and antimony enable finer eutectic structures, improving mechanical properties and castability. In hypereutectic compositions, phosphorus additions effectively refine primary silicon crystals, eliminating harmful coarse structures.
Nickel, in elemental form or alloyed with other metals and materials, has made significant contributions to modern society and promises to continue supplying materials for increasingly demanding applications. This versatile element alloys with most metals, exhibiting complete solid solubility with copper and wide solubility ranges with iron and chromium, enabling numerous alloy combinations. Historical analysis reveals nickel's presence in ancient weapons, tools, and coins, demonstrating its long-standing importance.
Phosphor Bronzes: High-Performance Copper Alloys for Industrial Applications
Phosphor bronzes are specialized copper alloys containing tin, phosphorus, and copper as primary constituents, with occasional additions of zinc and lead. These alloys feature a unique three-phase microstructure comprising a soft alpha phase (copper-tin solid solution matrix), a hard tin-rich delta phase dispersed throughout the matrix, and brittle copper phosphide constituents.
Physical Properties of Titanium and Its Alloys
This article examines the fundamental physical properties and characteristics of titanium and its alloys, focusing on their unique structural, thermal, and electrical properties. The material's exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and thermal properties are discussed in detail. The article also explores titanium's atomic structure, crystal formation, and magnetic properties, providing a comprehensive overview of this versatile metal's physical characteristics and industrial applications.