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Prof. Dr. Viktor Pocajt, CEOKey to Metals AG
Vacuum melting, casting and re-melting equipment have been implemented in huge numbers over the recent years mainly with an intention to try and eradicate impurities from the process wherever possible. Vacuum induction melting (VIM) has some specific advantages including, gas elimination, chemical composition control, process control and more.
In recent years the world of metallurgy has seen a massive growth in installations of new melting, re-melting and casting equipment under vacuum. This development is driven by various factors, but mainly by the increasing demand from the aerospace and power turbine industries, which pursue the simple philosophy: “Impurities that are not generated do not have to be removed.”
This means, especially for materials which are used in rotating parts under high thermal stress, that cleanliness is very important and influences the lifetime of such parts. For example, low cycle fatigue (LCF) properties of turbine disks can be directly related to both non-metallic inclusion content and inclusion size of the material. In aircraft and land based gas turbines, most parts and components (eg, turbine blades and vanes, turbine disks, cases, shafts, bolts and combustors) that undergo high thermal stress during operation, are made of superalloys with different amounts of alloying elements.
Most of these alloying elements have a high affinity for oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen, therefore, during melting of such alloys under air, formation of oxides and/or nitrides will occur. These oxides have a dramatic influence on mechanical properties of the materials. To minimize or avoid the formation of inclusions, it is therefore necessary to protect the melt from contact with air.
Vaccum Induction Melting (VIM) is the melting of metals by induction done under a vacuum. This process first became important in the1950s; As a result of VIM, the jet engine made the great advance in performance and durability which has been so important to both military and commercial aviation.
The specific advantages of vacuum induction melting include:
Some applications of vacuum induction melting are:
Date Published: Jul-2014
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Physical properties are available for a huge number of materials in the Total Materia database.
Data is available through official information from standards and also through Total Materia unique similar materials cross referencing functionality, adding another dimension to your search for physical properties data!
Enter the material of interest into the quick search field. You can optionally narrow your search by specifying the country/standard of choice in the designated field and then clicking "Search".
After selecting the material of interest to you, click on the Physical Properties link to view data for the selected material. The number of physical property data records is displayed in brackets next to the link.
Physical properties are displayed according to the origin of the data set. Official data from standards can be found under the official tab, data deriving from other sources for the material will also be displayed under its own tab.
The similar materials tab displays all materials that are similar to the original material and have physical properties inserted. This can be very handy when looking for equivalent materials!
The typical tab gives a generic overview of property data for the material for you to use as a useful starting point for further investigation.
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