SAE 8630 Structural and constructional steels
Material group:
Ferrous Alloys / Structural and constructional steels
Country / Standard:
United States / SAE
Indicative price:
Data updates
Latest Update: 2022-08
Total number of updates: 6
Update History
2020-12
2020-08
2019-08
2018-10
2017-10
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SAE 8630 Chemical Composition
CRITERIA
VALUE
UNIT
CAS NUMBER
CRITERIA
C
VALUE
0.28 – 0.33
UNIT
%
CAS NUMBER
7440-44-0
CRITERIA
Cr
VALUE
0.40 – 0.60
UNIT
%
CAS NUMBER
7440-47-3
CRITERIA
Cu
VALUE
≤ 0.35
UNIT
%
CAS NUMBER
7440-50-8
CRITERIA
Mn
VALUE
val1
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UNIT
%
CAS NUMBER
7439-96-5
CRITERIA
Mo
VALUE
val1
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UNIT
%
CAS NUMBER
7439-98-7
CRITERIA
Ni
VALUE
val1
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UNIT
%
CAS NUMBER
7440-02-0
CRITERIA
P
VALUE
val1
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UNIT
%
CAS NUMBER
7723-14-0
CRITERIA
Pb
VALUE
val1
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UNIT
%
CAS NUMBER
7439-92-1
CRITERIA
S
VALUE
val1
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UNIT
%
CAS NUMBER
7704-34-9
CRITERIA
Si
VALUE
val1
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UNIT
%
CAS NUMBER
7440-21-3
SAE J 404: 2009 / Chemical compositions of SAE alloy steels
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SAE 8630 Physical Properties
Temperature
Compression Modulus
200
GPa
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Modulus of Elasticity
190 — 210
GPa
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Density
7.67 — 7.86
kg/dm³
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Poisson Coefficient
val1
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Shear Modulus
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This material has 496 properties — only a subset is shown here.
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SAE 8630 Heat Treatments
- Preheating: Preheating until furnace stabilization in the 900 to 1200°F (482 to 649°C) range is recommended before heating parts above 1300°F (704°C) if the parts have previously been heat treated to a hardness greater than 35 HRC, have abrupt changes of section thickness, have sharp reentrant angles, have finished machined surfaces, have been welded, have been cold formed or straightened, have holes, or have sharp or only slightly-rounded notches or corners.
Annealing: Heated to 843°C (temperatures ≥ 704°C are to be cooled at a rate not to exceed 111°C per hour to below 538°C). Soaking time (for annealing, normalizing and austenitizing) is specified below. Air cooled to ambient temperature. Isothermal annealing treatments may be used provided equivalent hardness is obtained (heated to annealing temperature, soaked for the time specified above, cooled to a temperature below the critical, held for sufficient time to complete transformation, and air cooled to ambient temperature).
Subcritical annealing: When required, subcritical annealing shall be accomplished prior to hardening by heating to a set temperature between 1150 and 1250°F (621 and 677°C). Cooling to ambient temperature.
Pre-hardening stress relief: When required, pre-hardening stress relieving shall be done in accordance with AMS2759/11 prior to hardening by heating to a set temperature between 1000 and 1250°F (538 to 677°C). Cooling to ambient temperature.
Normalizing: Heated to 899°C. Circulated air or atmosphere is recommended for thicknesses greater than 76 mm. Normalizing may be followed by tempering or subcritical annealing.
Hardening (austenitizing and quenching): Heated to 857°C. The parts shall be cooled to or below the quenchant temperature or to a temperature low enough to achieve complete transformation, before tempering. Hardening quenchant should be oil, water or polymer. Prior to initial tempering parts may be snap tempered for 2 hours minimum at a temperature, usually 400°F (204°C), that is lower than the tempering temperature. Welded parts, and brazed parts with a brazing temperature above the normalizing temperature, shall be normalized before hardening. For welded or brazed alloys that are not normalized, the parts shall be annealed. Welded parts should be preheated. Parts identified as damage tolerant, maintenance critical, or fracture critical shall be in the normalized condition before hardening, unless the alloy is not normalized, in which case the part shall be annealed.
Tempering: Parts should be tempered within two hours of quenching. Suggested tempering temperatures:
for TS 621-862 MPa, HRB ≥ 91, HRC = 26 and oil, water or polymer quenchant is 649°C
for TS 862-1034 MPa, HRC 26-34 and oil, water or polymer quenchant is 552°C. Suggested approximate tempering temperatures based on as-quenched hardness: for HRC 47-49 is 552°C, for HRC 50-52 is 593°C, for HRC 53-55 is 649°C. Steel is not recommended for other hardness range.
for TS 1034-1172 MPa, HRC 33-38 and oil or polymer quenchant is 496°C. For water quenchant is 510°C.
for TS 1103-1241 MPa, HRC 36-40 and oil, water or polymer quenchant is 441°C
for TS 1241-1379 MPa, HRC 40-43 and oil, water or polymer quenchant is 371°C
Steel is not recommended for other TS ranges.
Soaking time shall be not less than 2 hours plus 1 hour additional for each inch (25 mm) of thickness or fraction thereof greater than 1 inch (25 mm). Thickness is defined in AMS2759. When load thermocouples are used, the soak time shall be 2 to 3 hours. Multiple tempering cycles are permitted. When multiple tempering cycles are required, parts shall be cooled to ambient temperature between tempering treatments. When tempering cannot be started within 4 hours from the end of quenching, parts shall be snap tempered for 2 hours minimum at a temperature that is lower than the final tempering set temperature, usually 400°F (204°C). For parts having minimum tensile strength below 180 ksi (1241 MPa), straightening may be accomplished cold without stress relieving. For parts hardened and tempered to minimum tensile strength of 180 ksi (1241 MPa) and higher, straightening shall be accomplished during tempering, or by heating to not higher than 50°F (28°C) below the tempering temperature. Hot or warm straightening after tempering shall be followed by stress relieving. It is permissible to retemper at a temperature not higher than the last tempering temperature after straightening during tempering.
Soak time for annealing, normalizing, and austenitizing:
t ≤ 6.35 mm, minimum soak time (air or atmosphere) is 25 minutes or 18 minutes (salt)
6.35 < t ≤ 12.70 mm, minimum soak time (air or atmosphere) is 45 minutes or 35 minutes (salt)
12.70 < t ≤ 25.40 mm, minimum soak time (air or atmosphere) is 1 hour or 40 minutes (salt)
25.40 < t ≤ 38.10 mm, minimum soak time (air or atmosphere) is 1 hour and 15 minutes or 45 minutes (salt)
38.10 < t ≤ 50.80 mm, minimum soak time (air or atmosphere) is 1 hour and 30 minutes or 50 minutes (salt)
50.80 < t ≤ 63.50 mm, minimum soak time (air or atmosphere) is 1 hour and 45 minutes or 55 minutes (salt)
63.50 < t ≤ 76.20 mm, minimum soak time (air or atmosphere) is 2 hours or 1 hour (salt)
76.20 < t ≤ 88.90 mm, minimum soak time (air or atmosphere) is 2 hours and 15 minutes or 1 hour and 5 minutes (salt)
88.90 < t ≤ 101.60 mm, minimum soak time (air or atmosphere) is 2 hours and 30 minutes or 1 hour and 10 minutes (salt)
101.60 < t ≤ 114.30 mm, minimum soak time (air or atmosphere) is 2 hours and 45 minutes or 1 hour and 15 minutes (salt)
114.30 < t ≤ 127.00 mm, minimum soak time (air or atmosphere) is 3 hours or 1 hour and 20 minutes (salt)
127.00 < t ≤ 203.20 mm, minimum soak time (air or atmosphere) is 3 hours and 30 minutes or 1 hour and 40 minutes (salt)
> 203.20 mm, minimum soak time is 4 hours and 30 minutes for every 76 mm or increment of 76 mm greater than 203 mm (air or atmosphere) or 2 hours plus 20 minutes for every 76 mm or increment of 76 mm greater than 203 mm (salt)
Thickness is the minimum dimension of the heaviest section of the part.
Parts coated with copper plate or similar reflective coatings that tend to reflect radiant heat shall have their soak time increased by at least 50%, unless load thermocouples are used. This increase does not apply to salt bath heat treating, tempering, or sub-zero processing.
The parts shall be held for sufficient time to ensure that the center of the most massive area has reached temperature and the necessary transformation and diffusion have taken place.
Maximum soak time at temperature shall not exceed three times the minimum soak time including time additions for copper plating or similar reflective coating.
Longer times may be necessary for parts with complex shapes or parts that do not heat uniformly. - Normalizing: 871-927°C (1600-1700°F), air quenched. Annealing: 829-857°C (1525-1575°F). Furnace cool to 538°C (1000°F) or below. Recommended subcritical anneal temperature is 677°C (1250°F).
Austenitizing: 829-871°C (1525-1600°F). Medium for quenching: oil, water, polymer.
SAE 8630 Mechanical Properties
Temperature
Tensile Strength
586 — 1379
MPa
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Brinell Hardness (HB)
179 — 248
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Elongation, A
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Compression Yield Strength
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Grain Size
val1
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Impact Energy
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Rockwell Hardness (HR)
val1
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Yield Strength, Rp0.2
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SAE 8630 International Equivalent Materials
Showing 15 of 62 results.
MATERIAL
STANDARD
COUNTRY / PRODUCER
EQUIVALENCE CATEGORY
MATERIAL
STANDARD
ASTM
COUNTRY / PRODUCER
United States
EQUIVALENCE CATEGORY
Implicit
MATERIAL
STANDARD
ASTM
COUNTRY / PRODUCER
United States
EQUIVALENCE CATEGORY
Implicit
Equivalence categories reflect chemical-composition and mechanical-property comparison — always verify suitability against the governing specification for your application.
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- 62Cross References
- 82Composition
- 154Mechanical Properties
- 18Physical Properties
- 7Heat Treatment
- -Metallography
- 2Machinability
- 33Stress-Strain
- -Formability
- 7Fatigue
- -Fracture
- -Creep
- 5Joints
- -Coatings
- 97Dimensions
- -Tribology
- -Corrosion
- 9Ageing
- -Weatherability
- -Irradiation
- 20Total Suppliers