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The Basics of Nonferrous Metallurgy

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Extractive Metallurgy of Non-Ferrous Metals: Part One

One of the most fundamental yet critical areas of metallurgy relates to the extracting of metals from ores, concentrates, scrap and other sources with a view to refining to the liquid state.
Three methods can be considered as the major processes for carrying our extractive metallurgy activities, pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and electrometallurgy.

Extractive Metallurgy of Non-Ferrous Metals: Part Two

Extractive metallurgy concerns the extracting, purifying and recycling of metals from an ore.
Depending on the specific extraction requirements, there is a wide range of processes and technologies in use including chemical and electrolytic reduction techniques along with mineral processing, hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy, available as the primary extractive metallurgical technologies.

Formability Tests of 2036-T4 Aluminum Alloy

A large number of tests have been used in an effort to measure or predict the formability of sheet materials. Many of these have been criticized because of cost, complexity, difficulty in the analysis of data, lack of correlation between laboratory results and field forming performance, etc. Some of these problems may be overcome when test procedures have been standardized and a better understanding of the mechanics of the tests is achieved. There will always be a need for formability tests.

Fundamentals of Gamma Titanium Aluminides

The emergence of a new class of aerospace alloys based on the ordered, face-centered tetragonal, or gamma, phase of the titanium-aluminum system has brought the promise of exceptional improvements in the performance of jet engines. Intended for service at high temperatures approaching or equaling those for which super alloys have typically been used, these so-called gamma titanium aluminide alloys pose significant challenges during processing to useful shapes.

Gold and Gold Alloys

This comprehensive guide explores gold and its alloys, examining their physical properties, composition variations, and applications in jewelry and industry. The article details the relationship between gold purity and karat designations, the effects of various alloying elements on color and mechanical properties, and the development of specialized alloys such as white gold.

Gunmetals and Leaded Bronzes

This comprehensive article explores the composition, properties, and applications of gunmetals and leaded bronzes in engineering. It details the evolution of gunmetal from its origins in 19th-century ordnance to modern industrial applications, covering various alloy compositions including British Admiralty gunmetal.