JIS-standards for steel materials
Abstract
The Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) for steel materials encompass three primary volumes of standardized specifications. These standards cover structural, constructional, tool, stainless, and heat-resisting steels, providing essential details about chemical composition, mechanical properties, and specific applications. They include specifications for various steel forms such as plates, sheets, strips, pipes, and castings, with a focus on uses in boilers, pressure vessels, and specialized industrial applications. This article serves as a comprehensive reference for engineers, manufacturers, and quality control professionals working with steel materials under JIS standards.
Introduction
The Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) for steel materials represent a comprehensive classification system that guides the manufacturing, testing, and application of various steel types. These standards ensure consistency and reliability in steel production and usage across industrial applications. The standards provide detailed specifications for carbon and alloy steel plates used in boilers and pressure vessels, sheets and strips, high-strength low-alloy steels, heat-treatable steels, and both hot and cold-rolled plates for cold forming and steel bars.
Standard Classification Overview
The JIS standards for steel materials are organized into three distinct volumes, comprising formally approved classifications, guides, practices, specifications, test methods, and terminology. This systematic organization enables efficient reference and application of standards across different industrial sectors. Each standard provides comprehensive data including standard number and year, grade, chemical composition, and mechanical properties such as yield point, tensile strength, and notch toughness.
Covers:
- Group of standards for structural and constructional steels
- Group of standards for tool steels
- Group of standards for stainless and heat resisting steels
Structural and Constructional Steels
This section encompasses a wide range of steel specifications designed for general structure, boilers, pressure vessels, and specialized applications. The standards cover various forms including rolled steels, plates, bars, and tubes, each with specific requirements for manufacturing and performance characteristics.
Table 1. Detailed listing of standards for structural and constructional steels
| Standard Number | Year | Description |
| JIS G 3101 | 1987 | Rolled steels for general structure |
| JIS G 3103 | 1987 | Plates for boilers and other pressure vessels |
| JIS G 3104 | 1987 | Steel bars for rivets |
| JIS G 3105 | 1987 | Steel bars for chains |
| JIS G 3106 | 1988 | Rolled steels for welded structure |
| JIS G 3108 | 1987 | Carbon steels |
| JIS G 3114 | 1988 | Atmospheric corrosion resisting steels |
| JIS G 3115 | 1990 | Plates for pressure vessels |
| JIS G 3116 | 1990 | Sheets, plates and strip for gas cylinders |
| JIS G 3118 | 1987 | Plates for pressure vessels |
| JIS G 3119 | 1987 | Alloyed plates for boilers and other pressure vessels |
| JIS G 3120 | 1987 | Plates quenched and tempered for pressure vessels |
| JIS G 3124 | 1987 | High strength and tempered for pressure vessels |
| JIS G 3125 | 1987 | Atmospheritic corrosion pressure vessels |
| JIS G 3126 | 1990 | Plates for pressure vessels |
| JIS G 3127 | 1990 | Plates for pressure vessels |
| JIS G 3128 | 1987 | Plates for welded structure |
| JIS G 3131 | 1990 | Sheet and strip |
| JIS G 3132 | 1990 | Strip for pipes and tubes |
| JIS G 3141 | 1990 | Sheet and strip |
| JIS G 3202 | 1988 | Forgings for pressure vessels |
| JIS G 3203 | 1988 | Forgings for pressure vessels |
| JIS G 3204 | 1988 | Quenched and tempered forgings for pressure vessels |
| JIS G 3205 | 1988 | Forgings for pressure vessels |
| JIS G 3311 | 1988 | Cold rolled special strip |
| JIS G 3441 | 1988 | Tubes for machine purpose |
| JIS G 3445 | 1988 | Tubes |
| JIS G 3454 | 1988 | Pipes for pressure service |
| JIS G 3455 | 1988 | Pipes for high pressure service |
| JIS G 3457 | 1988 | Arc welded pipes |
| JIS G 3458 | 1988 | Pipes |
| JIS G 3460 | 1988 | Pipes for low temperature service |
| JIS G 3464 | 1988 | Boiler and heat exchanger tubes |
| JIS G 3462 | 1988 | Boiler and heat exchanger tubes |
| JIS G 3464 | 1988 | Heat exchangers tubes for low temperature service |
| JIS G 3467 | 1988 | Tubes for fired heater |
| JIS G 3444 | 1988 | Tubes for general structural purposes |
| JIS G 3466 | 1988 | Square pipes for general structural purpose |
| JIS G 3505 | 1980 | Wire rods |
| JIS G 3506 | 1980 | Wire rods |
| JIS G 3507 | 1991 | Wire rods for cold heading and cold forging |
| JIS G 3508 | 1991 | Boron wire rod for cold heading and cold forging |
| JIS G 3566 | 1988 | |
| JIS G 4051 | 1979 | Carbon steels |
| JIS G 4052 | 1979 | Structural steels with specified hardenability bands |
| JIS G 4102 | 1979 | Ni-Cr steels |
| JIS G 4103 | 1979 | Ni-Cr-Mo steels |
| JIS G 4104 | 1979 | Cr steels |
| JIS G 4105 | 1979 | Cr-Mo steels |
| JIS G 4106 | 1979 | Mn and Mn-Cr steels |
| JIS G 4107 | 1988 | Bolting material |
| JIS G 4108 | 1988 | Bolting material |
| JIS G 4109 | 1987 | Plates for pressure vessels |
| JIS G 4202 | 1979 | Al-Cr-Mo steels |
| JIS G 4410 | 1984 | Hollow drill steels |
| JIS G 4805 | 1990 | Bearing steels |
| JIS G 3214 | 1991 | Forgings for pressure vessels |
| JIS G 3446 | 1991 | Tubes for machine and structural purpose |
| JIS G 3459 | 1988 | Pipes |
| JIS G 4303 | 1991 | Bars |
| JIS G 4304 | 1991 | Hot rolled sheets and plates |
| JIS G 4305 | 1991 | Cold rolled sheets and plates |
| JIS G 4308 | 1991 | Steel wire rod |
| JIS G 4309 | 1988 | Wire |
| JIS G 4311 | 1991 | Heat resisting steel bars |
| JIS G 4312 | 1991 | Heat resisting steel sheets and plates |
| JIS G 4313 | 1988 | Cold rolled strip for springs |
| JIS G 4314 | 1988 | Wires for springs |
| JIS G 4315 | 1988 | Wire for cold heading |
| JIS G 4316 | 1991 | Welding wire |
| JIS G 4318 | 1991 | Cold drawn bars |
| JIS G 4901 | 1991 | Superalloy bars |
| JIS G 4902 | 1991 | Superalloy sheets |
| JIS G 4903 | 1991 | Seamless pipes |
| JIS G 4904 | 1991 | Seamless pipes |
| JIS G 4801 | 1984 | Spring steels |
| JIS G 4802 | 1983 | Cold-rolled strips for springs |
| JIS G 4804 | 1983 | Free cutting steels |
| JIS G 5101 | 1991 | Steel castings |
| JIS G 5102 | 1991 | Steel castings |
| JIS G 5111 | 1991 | Steel casting |
| JIS G 5131 | 1991 | Steel castings |
| JIS G 5151 | 1991 | Steel castings |
| JIS G 5152 | 1991 | Steel casting |
| JIS G 5201 | 1991 | Centrifugally cast steel pipes |
| JIS G 5202 | 1991 | Centrifugally cast steel pipes |
Tool Steels
The tool steel standards address specific requirements for carbon tool steels, high-speed tool steels, and alloy tool steels. These specifications ensure proper material selection for applications requiring specific hardness, wear resistance, and thermal properties.
Table 2. Listing of standards for tool steels
| Standard Number | Year | Description |
| JIS G 3311 | 1988 | Cold rolled special strip |
| JIS G 4401 | 1983 | Carbon tool steels |
| JIS G 4403 | 1983 | High speed tool steels |
| JIS G 4404 | 1983 | Alloy tool steels |
Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steels
This category includes comprehensive specifications for corrosion-resistant and high-temperature applications. The standards detail requirements for various forms including bars, sheets, plates, and specialized components for extreme service conditions.
Table 3. Standards for stainless and heat resisting steels
| Standard Number | Year | Description |
| JIS G 5121 | 1991 | Stainless steel casting |
| JIS G 5122 | 1991 | Heat resisting casting |
Technical Specifications and Applications
The standards provide detailed requirements for various steel products including pipes for high-temperature service, ordinary use, and special applications such as fire protection. Specifications for steel tubes include requirements for boiler and superheater tubes, general service tubes, steel tubes in refinery service, heat exchanger and condenser tubes, mechanical tubing, and structural tubing.
Quality Control and Testing
Each standard incorporates specific testing requirements and acceptance criteria to ensure material quality and performance. Manufacturing methods, thickness specifications, and heat treatment requirements are detailed when applicable to the material's intended use.
Final Notes
The JIS standards continue to evolve with regular updates to meet changing industrial requirements and technological advances. Users should always refer to the most current version of the standards for specific applications.
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