GB Standard List: Irons, Structural and Constructional Steels, Stainless Steels, Castings and Welding
Abstract
This article provides a detailed overview of Chinese national standards (GB standards) for various metal materials used in engineering and construction. The GB designation system represents "Guojia Biaozhun" (national standard) specifications issued by the Standardization Administration of China (SAC). The article comprehensively catalogs standards for irons, structural and constructional steels, stainless steels, castings, and welding materials, presenting their standard numbers, latest versions, descriptions, and status. This resource serves as a valuable reference for engineers, manufacturers, and researchers working with Chinese metal standards across multiple industrial applications, including pressure vessels, surgical implants, and specialized welding processes.
Introduction to Chinese GB Standards
The group of Chinese (GB) standard specifications covers iron, carbon steel, and alloy steel within different delivery conditions such as plates, strips, sheets, bars, wires, castings, forgings, and more. All standards that originate in the People's Republic of China have designations that begin with "GB," an abbreviation of "Guojia Biaozhun," which means "national standard."
GB standards are the Chinese national standards issued by the Standardization Administration of China (SAC), which also serves as the Chinese National Committee of the ISO and the IEC. This article provides comprehensive information on the following material categories:
- Irons
- Structural and Constructional Steels
- Stainless Steels
- Castings
- Welding and Filler materials
For more information on the GB designation system see Introduction to the GB Standard Designation System.
Applications and Scope of GB Standards
The standards listed in this article cover a wide range of materials and applications, including:
- Various steels suitable for specialist applications such as pressure vessels
- Stainless steels specifically used in the production of surgical implants
- Numerous welding applications, particularly electrode applications
Iron Standards
The following table presents the GB standards related to iron materials.
Table 1. Iron Standards
| Standard Number |
Last version |
Description | Status |
| GB/T 1348 | 2009 | Spheroidal graphite iron castings | /28/ |
| GB/T 1412 | 2005 | Pig iron used for spheroidal graphite cast iron | /2/ |
| GB/T 717 | 1998 | Pig iron for steelmaking | /No materials/ |
| GB/T 718 | 2005 | Foundry pig iron | /No materials/ |
| GB/T 719 | 2004 | Pig iron - Sampling for chemical analysis | /No materials/ |
| GB/T 9439 | 2004 | Grey iron castings | /6/ |
| GB/T 9440 | 2004 | Malleable iron castings | /12/ |
| GB/T 9441 | 1988 | Metallographic test for spheroidal graphite cast iron | /No materials/ |
| GB/T 9971 | 2004 | Pure iron for raw material | /No materials/ |
Structural and Constructional Steel Standards
The structural and constructional steel standards below cover materials used in building, infrastructure, and mechanical applications.
Table 2. Structural and Constructional Steel Standards
| Standard Number |
Last version |
Description | Status |
| GB 13013 | 2004 | Hot rolled plain steel bars for the reinforcement of concrete | /1/ |
| GB 13014 | 2004 | Remained heat treatment ribbed steel bars for the reinforcement of concrete | /1/ |
| GB 1499 | 2008 | Hot rolled ribbed steel bars for the reinforcement of concrete | /13/ |
| GB 18248 | 2008 | Seamless steel tubes for gas cylinder | /6/ |
| GB 19189 | 2003 | Quenched and tempered high strength steel plates for pressure vessels | /3/ |
| GB 2270 | 1980 | Seamless tubes | /19/ |
| GB 2517 | 1981 | Sheets and strips for structure | /6/ |
| GB 3087 | 2008 | Seamless steel tubes for low and medium pressure boiler | /4/ |
| GB 3531 | 2008 | Low alloy steel plates for low temperature pressure vessels | /5/ |
| GB/T 11251 | 2009 | Hot-rolled alloy structural steel plates | /26/ |
| GB/T 1591 | 2008 | High strength low alloy structural steels | /37/ |
| GB/T 16270 | 2009 | High-strength structural steel plates and strips: products supplied in the heat-treated or controlled rolled condition | /14/ |
| GB/T 17107 | 2004 | Structural steel grades and mechanical property for forgings | /78/ |
| GB/T 20564-1 | 2007 | Continuously cold rolled high strength steel sheet and strip for automobile - Part 1:Bake hardening steel | /5/ |
| GB/T 20564-3 | 2007 | Continuously cold rolled high strength steel sheet and strip for automobile - Part 3: High strength interstitial free steel | /3/ |
| GB/T 20887-1 | 2007 | Continuously hot rolled high strength steel sheet and strip for automobile. Part 1: High yield strength steel for cold forming | /11/ |
Stainless Steel Standards
Stainless steel standards in the table below encompass materials known for their corrosion resistance and specialized applications.
Table 3. Stainless Steel Standards
| Standard Number |
Last version |
Description | Status |
| GB 13296 | 2007 | Seamless stainless steel tubes for boiler and heat exchanger | /34/ |
| GB 4234 | 2004 | Stainless steel for surgical implants | /4/ |
| GB/T 1220 | 2007 | Stainless steel bars | /197/ |
| GB/T 14975 | 2004 | Stainless steel seamless tubes for structures | /23/ |
| GB/T 14976 | 2004 | Stainless steel seamless tubes for fluid transport | /29/ |
| GB/T 18705 | 2002 | Welded stainless steel pipes for decoration | /2/ |
| GB/T 20878 | 2007 | Stainless and heat-resisting steels - Designation and chemical composition | /283/ |
Casting Standards
The standards in the table below relate to cast metal products for various applications.
Table 4. Casting Standards
| Standard Number |
Last version |
Description | Status |
| GB 5676 | 1985 | Carbon cast steel | /10/ |
| GB/T 11352 | 2009 | Carbon steel castings for general engineering purposes | /10/ |
| GB/T 1503 | 2008 | Cast steel rolls | /16/ |
| GB/T 1504 | 2008 | Cast iron rolls | /No materials/ |
| GB/T 16253 | 2004 | Steel castings for pressure purposes | /16/ |
| GB/T 17445 | 2009 | Cast grinding balls | /6/ |
| GB/T 14408 | 2004 | Low alloy steel castings for general engineering and structural purposes | /8/ |
| GB/T 2100 | 2004 | Corrosion-resistant steel castings for general applications | /36/ |
Welding and Filler Material Standards
The welding and filler material standards below focus on consumables used in various welding processes.
Table 5. Welding and Filler Material Standards
| Standard Number |
Last version |
Description | Status |
| GB/T 17493 | 2008 | Low alloy steel flux cored electrodes for arc welding | /142/ |
| GB/T 3429 | 2002 | Wire rod for electrode | /49/ |
| GB/T 4241 | 2006 | Stainless steel wire rods for welding | /59/ |
| GB/T 5117 | 2004 | Carbon steel covered electrodes | /33/ |
| GB/T 8110 | 2008 | Welding wires for gas shielding arc welding of carbon and low alloy steels | /33/ |
| GB/T 983 | 1995 | Stainless steel covered electrodes | /77/ |
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